AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA02) - Free Practice Tests

This AWS practice test helps you to pass the following AWS exams and can also helps you to revise the AWS concepts if you are preparing for AWS interviews.

AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate
AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner

Below AWS practice tests has two different Modes

Learning Mode: 25 questions per test with answers and explanation, no time limit, repeat tests
Exam Mode: 65 questions per test (similar to real AWS exam), 130 minutes, repeat tests

AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA) – Learning Mode

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1 / 25

You have taken over an implementation and deployment project that is in the early requirements phase. You review the requirements and have some concerns, specifically the use of a t2.micro instance to host a MySQL database because you have concerns about performance. What recommendations should you make to change these requirements and ensure optimal performance? (Choose 2 answers)

Create a RAID 0 configuration

Use SQL Server instead of MySQL

Use a larger instance type to host the database.

Offload seldom-used data to Amazon Glacier

Explanation

By upgrading to a larger t2 instance, you not only improve baseline compute power, you also improve the ability to handle bursts. Each T2 instance receives CPU Credits continuously at a set rate depending on the instance size. These credits provide the ability to handle bursts. You can also create a RAID 0 to maximize utilization of instance resources.

Explanation

2 / 25

You have been assigned to design a new AWS RDS database for a pharmaceutical company. Their most important requirement is high availability. You have proposed a multi-AZ configuration for high availability. The discussion has progressed to failover scenarios. Which scenario will not cause an automatic failover?

Compute unit failure on primary

Loss of network connectivity to primary

Long running resource intensive stored procedure

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone

Explanation

Amazon RDS detects and automatically recovers from the most common failure scenarios for Multi-AZ deployments so that you can resume database operations as quickly as possible without administrative intervention. Amazon RDS automatically performs a failover in the event of any of the following:

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone
Loss of network connectivity to primary
Compute unit failure on primary
Storage failure on primary

Explanation

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone
Loss of network connectivity to primary
Compute unit failure on primary
Storage failure on primary

3 / 25

You run a stateless web application with the following components:

An Application Load Balancer (ALB)
A two-tier application with frontend instances processing user requests, and backend RDS MySQL instances
The MySQL RDS database offers a maximum of 3000 IOPS with Provisioned IOPS

You notice that the average response time for users is increasing. Looking at CloudWatch, you observe 85% CPU usage on the web and application servers and 20% CPU usage on the database. The average number of database disk operations varies between 1000 and 1500. How would you improve performance? (Choose 2 answers)

Choose a different EC2 instance type for the frontend servers with a more appropriate CPU/Memory ratio

Replace the backend RDS database instances with Aurora database engine

Use EC2 Auto Scaling to add additional frontend instances based on the CPU load threshold

Use Amazon RDS Read Replicas to improve your throughput

Explanation

Because of the 97% CPU usage on the Web/Application servers using larger instance types or using auto scaling to add more servers will alleviate this problem.

You have 3000 provisioned IOPS and the average number of database disk operations varies between 1000 and 1500 so you do not need to change your database at all.

Explanation

Because of the 97% CPU usage on the Web/Application servers using larger instance types or using auto scaling to add more servers will alleviate this problem.

You have 3000 provisioned IOPS and the average number of database disk operations varies between 1000 and 1500 so you do not need to change your database at all.

4 / 25

A user has launched an instance-store backed EC2 instance in the US-East-1a zone. The user then creates AMI-1 and copied it to the EU-West-1 region. The AMI copy in the EU-West-1 region is named AMI-1-West. Later, the user updates the application running on the instance in US-East-1a, and updates AMI-1 with this version of the instance. The updated version of AMI-1 is named AMI-1.1. Finally, the user attempts to launch a new instance from AMI-1-West in the EU-West-1 region. Which statement below is correct regarding this scenario?

The attempt to launch an instance based on AMI-1-West will fail because the copy is outdated

EC2 will allow the user to select which AMI version should apply to this instance because AMI versioning is enabled by default for all AMI copies

The new instance launches successfully and matches AMI-1, not AMI-1.1

The new instance will launch successfully and match AMI-1.1

Explanation

Within EC2, when the user copies an AMI, the new AMI is fully independent of the source AMI; there is no link to the original (source) AMI. The user can modify the source AMI without affecting the new AMI and vice versa. Therefore, in this case even if the source AMI is modified, the copied AMI of the EU region will not have the changes. The user needs to copy the new source AMI to the destination region to get those changes

Explanation

5 / 25

Which type of IAM role is pre-defined, and can only be edited in a limited number of cases?

AWS Service Roles

Identity Provider Access Roles

AWS Service-Linked Roles

Cross-Account Access Roles

Explanation

The method that you use to edit a service-linked role depends on the service. Some services might allow you to edit the permissions for a service-linked role from the service console, API, or CLI. However, after you create a service-linked role, you cannot change the name of the role because various entities might reference the role. You can edit the description of any role from the IAM console, API, or CLI.

For information about which services support using service-linked roles, see AWS Services That Work with IAM and look for the services that have Yes in the Service-Linked Role column. To learn whether the service supports editing the service-linked role, choose the Yes link to view the service-linked role documentation for that service.

Explanation

6 / 25

A legacy application in your company has been deployed in a single availability zone. It is used only sporadically but must be available nevertheless. Due to your heavy administrative workload, you wish to automate a process that will rebuild the application automatically if it fails. What action should you take?

Monitor the server availability using Cloud Watch metrics to receive alerts of health check failures.

Configure the server in an auto scaling group with a minimum and maximum size of one

Perform snapshots of EBS volumes on a set schedule.

Add an additional availability zone and a load balancer.

Explanation

Auto scaling provides redundancy for a single server with the option of launching a configuration using the attributes from a running instance. When you use this option, auto scaling copies the attributes from the specified instance into a template from which you can launch one or more auto scaling groups.

Note that if the specified instance has properties that are not currently supported by auto scaling, instances launched by auto scaling using the launch configuration created from the identified instance might not be identical to the identified instance.

Explanation

7 / 25

Which type of IAM role is pre-defined, and can only be edited in a limited number of cases?

Identity Provider Access Roles

AWS Service-Linked Roles

Cross-Account Access Roles

AWS Service Roles

Explanation

8 / 25

Your team has found that a client’s load balancer needs to be configured with support for SSL offload using the default security policy. When negotiating the SSL connections between the client and the load balancer, you want the load balancer to determine which cipher is used for the SSL connection. Which actions perform this process on the load balancer? (Choose 3 answers)

Choose the server order preference option

Select a client configuration preference option

Enable SSL offload.

Select the default security policy.

Explanation

Elastic Load Balancing uses a Secure Socket Layer (SSL) negotiation configuration, known as a security policy, to negotiate SSL connections between a client and the load balancer. A security policy is a combination of SSL protocols, SSL ciphers, and the Server Order Preference option.

Explanation

9 / 25

You are an engineer at a large bank, responsible for managing your firm’s AWS infrastructure. As the environment and number of active resources continue to grow, your finance team is having a difficult time attributing your AWS costs to the various business units. How can you help the finance team assign costs to the correct business units? (Choose 2 answers)

Give them access to TCO calculator.

Set up consolidated billing

Enable Cost and Usage reports.

Tag all resources with the appropriate business unit.

Explanation

By tagging all resources with the business unit and enabling detailed billing reports, you would enable the finance team to run cost reports by business unit.

Explanation

By tagging all resources with the business unit and enabling detailed billing reports, you would enable the finance team to run cost reports by business unit.

10 / 25

You are involved in the design of a client’s AWS cloud environment. A requirements meeting regarding storage leads to the need for EBS volumes in the design. Much of the design will require standard storage but there is a critical business application, which requires sustained IOPs performance. Which EBS storage option is best for critical apps that need high performance?

Provisioned IOPs SSD

General-purpose SSD

High IOPs SSD

Magnetic volumes

Explanation

Amazon RDS provides three storage types: magnetic, General Purpose (SSD), and Provisioned IOPS (input/output operations per second). Provisioned IOPS storage is designed to meet the needs of I/O-intensive workloads, particularly database workloads, that are sensitive to storage performance and consistency in random access I/O throughput. Provisioned IOPS volumes can range in size from 100 GB to 6 TB for MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, and Oracle DB engines.

Explanation

11 / 25

Under the shared responsibility model, which aspects of security in the AWS cloud are the responsibility of the user rather than AWS? (Choose 3 answers)

EC2 instance security

Data encryption

Installation of EC2 security patches

Network hardware maintenance

Explanation

AWS is responsible for the security of the cloud in general, in areas such data security and protection against IP spoofing. The customer is responsible for security in the cloud in areas such as data encryption, installing security patches on EC2 instances, and IAM best practices. It is very important to understand this concept to avoid any lapses in your security measures.

Explanation

12 / 25

You are in the process of planning your backup strategy between an on-premises data center and AWS cloud. You are considering Storage Gateway technology for backup and restore in your hybrid environment. What are the primary factors that affect Backup and Recovery times when using Storage Gateways? (Choose 2 answers)

Net available bandwidth between on-premises and AWS over the public internet or Direct Connect line.

Amount of data required for backup each day before on-premise data deduplication and compression

Amount of data required for backup each day after on-premise data deduplication and compression

Compute power of on-premises instances that need to be backed up

Explanation

Storage gateways interact with AWS over the public Internet or direct connect. You will need to know the amount of data per day that needs to be transferred to Amazon S3 and the net available bandwidth of your network connection. Storage Gateway is capable of running data compression, and comparison so only changed data is being backed up.

Explanation

13 / 25

You have implemented multipart uploading in your company’s AWS cloud storage environment. The overall performance has been good but there is some concern about network utilization. Your CFO has also raised concerns about greater than expected storage costs. What steps can you take to address each of these issues with cost as a primary concern? (Choose 2 answers)

Pause uploads during high traffic periods.

Abort incomplete uploads after a specified time with an object lifecycle policy.

Compress data for faster upload times.

Use Direct Connect for greater throughput

Explanation

The ability to pause multipart uploads offers great flexibility in its usage. A pause could be initiated for a number of reasons but pausing to relieve network traffic is a prime use case. If a multipart upload aborts, it is good practice to have a lifecycle policy, which will delete incomplete uploads after a predetermined number of days. This will reduce storage costs.

Explanation

14 / 25

You have been contracted by a company to design and implement their AWS cloud environment. The company has a very tight budget and would like to maximize savings wherever possible. They’ve gotten a 5-year government contract and the workload is expected to remain steady throughout the length of the contract. What type of instance will best meet their computing needs while providing maximum savings?

Convertible reserved instances, one-year commitment, no upfront

Standard reserved instances, one-year commitment, no upfront

Convertible reserved instances, three-year term commitment, all upfront

Standard reserved instances, three-year term commitment, all upfront

Explanation

When you purchase a Reserved Instance, choose a payment option, term, and an offering class that suits your needs. Generally speaking, you can save more money choosing Reserved Instances with a higher upfront payment. There are three payment options (No Upfront, Partial Upfront, All Upfront), two-term lengths (one-year or three-years), and two offering classes (Convertible and Standard). Convertible RIs offer up to a 55% discount, while Standard offers up to a 75% discount. No Upfront and Partial Upfront Reserved Instances are billed for usage on an hourly basis, regardless of whether they are being used. All Upfront Reserved Instances have no additional hourly charges

Explanation

15 / 25

A user has enabled versioning on an S3 bucket. The user applies server side encryption for data at rest. If the user is supplying his own keys for encryption (SSE-C), which of the below mentioned statements is true?

It is possible to have different encryption keys for different versions of the same object

Amazon S3 does not allow the user to upload his own keys for server side encryption

The SSE-C does not work when versioning is enabled

The user should use the same encryption key for all versions of the same object

Explanation

Amazon S3 supports client side or server side encryption to encrypt all data at rest. The server side encryption can either have the S3 supplied AES-256 encryption key, or the user can send the key along with each API call to supply his own encryption key (SSE-C). If the bucket is versioning-enabled, each object version uploaded by the user using the SSE-C feature can have its own encryption key. The user is responsible for tracking which encryption key was used for which object’s version

Explanation

16 / 25

A non-root EC2 instance store volume is added to an EBS-backed EC2 instance. Then the instance is somehow accidentally terminated or failed. What happened to the data on the non-root EC2 instance store volume?

The volume data is saved in S3

The data is automatically copied to another instance store volume

The data is deleted

The data persists.

Explanation

EC2 instance store volumes can be added as additional volumes to certain EBS-backed EC2 Instance types. Any data on the instance store volumes persists as long as the instance is running, but this data is deleted when the instance is terminated or if it fails (such as if an underlying drive has issues).

Explanation

17 / 25

Which choice correctly describes the differences between security groups and Network Access Control Lists (NACLs)? (Choose 2 answers)

Security Groups operate at the instance level and support allow rules only.

Security Groups operate at the subnet level, and they support allow rules only

NACLs operate at the subnet level and support allow and deny rules

NACLs operate at the subnet level and support deny rules only.

Explanation

You can secure your VPC instances using only security groups; however, you can add NACLs as a second layer of defense. Security groups — Act as a firewall for associated Amazon EC2 instances, controlling both inbound and outbound traffic at the instance level . Network access control lists (NACLs) — Act as a firewall for associated subnets, controlling both inbound and outbound traffic at the subnet level . Security Groups supports allow rules only while Network Access Control Lists support allow and deny rules.

Explanation

18 / 25

A scope has been handed to you to set up a super-fast gaming server and you decide that you will use Amazon DynamoDB as your database. For efficient access to data in a table, Amazon DynamoDB creates and maintains indexes for the primary key attributes. A secondary index is a data structure that contains a subset of attributes from a table, along with an alternate key to support Query operations. How many types of secondary indexes does DynamoDB support?

As many as you need

Explanation

DynamoDB supports two types of secondary indexes: Local secondary index –an index that has the same hash key as the table, but a different range key. A local secondary index is “local” in the sense that every partition of a local secondary index is scoped to a table partition that has the same hash key. Global secondary index –an index with a hash and range key that can be different from those on the table. A global secondary index is considered “global” because queries on the index can span all of the data in a table, across all partitions

Explanation

19 / 25

Select the correct statement: Within Amazon EC2, when using Linux instances, the device name /dev/sda1 is .

reserved for EBS volumes

recommended for instance store volumes

reserved for the root device

recommended for EBS volumes

Explanation

Within Amazon EC2, when using a Linux instance, the device name /dev/sda1 is reserved for the root device.

Explanation

Within Amazon EC2, when using a Linux instance, the device name /dev/sda1 is reserved for the root device.

20 / 25

When you force a failover of your DB instance in RDS, which of the following things does RDS do? (Choose 2 answers)

Automatically switches to a standby replica in another Availability Zone if you have enabled Multi-AZ

Updates the DNS record for the DB instance to point to the standby DB instance

Automatically switches to a standby replica in another region

Allocates a new Elastic IP which points to the new replica

Explanation

When you force a failover of your DB instance, Amazon RDS automatically switches to a standby replica in another Availability Zone if you have enabled Multi-AZ. The time it takes for the failover to complete depends on the database activity and other conditions at the time the primary DB instance became unavailable. Failover times are typically 60-120 seconds. However, large transactions or a lengthy recovery process can increase failover time. When the failover is complete, it can take additional time for the RDS console UI to reflect the new Availability Zone.

The failover mechanism automatically changes the DNS record of the DB instance to point to the standby DB instance. As a result, you will need to re-establish any existing connections to your DB instance.

Explanation

21 / 25

You have been using T2 instances as your CPU requirements have not been that intensive. However, you now start to think about larger instance types and start looking at M1 and M3 instances. You are a little confused as to the differences between them as they both seem to have the same ratio of CPU and memory. Which statement below is incorrect as to why you would use one over the other?

M3 instances are configured with more swap memory than M1 instances.

M3 instances provide better, more consistent performance that M1 instances for most use-cases

M3 instances are less expensive than M1 instances

M3 instances also offer SSD-based instance storage that delivers higher I/O performance.

Explanation

Amazon EC2 allows you to set up and configure everything about your instances from your operating system up to your applications. An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is simply a packaged-up environment that includes all the necessary bits to set up and boot your instance. M1 and M3 Standard instances have the same ratio of CPU and memory, some reasons below as to why you would use one over the other. M3 instances provide better, more consistent performance that M1 instances for most use-cases. M3 instances also offer SSD-based instance storage that delivers higher I/O performance. M3 instances are also less expensive than M1 instances. Due to these reasons, we recommend M3 for applications that require general purpose instances with a balance of compute, memory, and network resources. However, if you need more disk storage than what is provided in M3 instances, you may still find M1 instances useful for running your applications

Explanation

22 / 25

You are leading a design meeting for a new client that is migrating their compute environment to the cloud. One of the first design meetings involves Identity and Access Management (IAM). You are giving them an explanation of concept of principals, which is an entity that is allowed to interact with AWS resources. Which is not a type of principal?

IAM users

Encryption keys

Roles/temporary security tokens

Root users

Explanation

A principal is an IAM entity that is allowed to interact with AWS resources. The Principal element specifies the user, account, service, or other entity that is allowed or denied access to a resource. The Principal element is relevant only in a bucket policy; you don’t specify it in a user policy because you attach user policy directly to a specific user.

Explanation

23 / 25

You work for a company that automatically tags photographs using artificial neural networks (ANNs), which run on GPUs using C++. You receive millions of images in one batch, with an average of 3 batches per day. These images are loaded into an Amazon S3 bucket you control for you in a batch, and then the customer publishes a JSON-formatted manifest into another S3 bucket you control as well. Each image takes 10 milliseconds to process using a full GPU. Your neural network software requires 5 minutes to bootstrap. Image tags are JSON objects, and you must publish them to an S3 bucket.

Which of these is the best system architectures for this system?

Create an OpsWorks Stack with two Layers. The first contains lifecycle scripts for launching and bootstrapping an HTTP API on G2 instances for ANN image processing, and the second has an always-on instance which monitors the S3 manifest bucket for new files. When a new file is detected, request instances to boot on the ANN layer. When the instances are booted and the HTTP APIs are up, submit processing requests to individual instances

Create an Auto Scaling, Load Balanced Elastic Beanstalk worker tier Application, and Environment. Deploy the ANN code to G2 instances in this tier. Set the desired capacity to 1. Make the code periodically check S3 for new manifests. When a new manifest is detected, push all of the images in the manifest into the SQS queue associated with the Elastic Beanstalk worker tier.

Deploy your ANN code to AWS Lambda as a bundled binary for the C++ extension. Make an S3 notification configuration on the manifest, which publishes to another AWS Lambda running controller code. This controller code publishes all the images in the manifest to AWS Kinesis. Your ANN code Lambda Function uses the Kinesis as an Event Source. The system automatically scales when the stream contains image events

Make an S3 notification configuration which publishes to AWS Lambda on the manifest bucket. Make the Lambda create a CloudFormation Stack which contains the logic to construct an autoscaling worker tier of EC2 G2 instances with the ANN code on each instance. Create an SQS queue of the images in the manifest. Tear the stack down when the queue is empty.

Explanation

The Elastic Beanstalk option is incorrect because it requires a constantly-polling instance, which may break and costs money.

The Lambda fleet option is incorrect because AWS Lambda does not support GPU usage.

The OpsWorks stack option both requires a constantly-polling instance, and also requires complex timing and capacity planning logic.

The CloudFormation option requires no polling, has no always-on instances, and allows arbitrarily fast processing by simply setting the instance count as high as needed.

Explanation

The Elastic Beanstalk option is incorrect because it requires a constantly-polling instance, which may break and costs money.

The Lambda fleet option is incorrect because AWS Lambda does not support GPU usage.

The OpsWorks stack option both requires a constantly-polling instance, and also requires complex timing and capacity planning logic.

The CloudFormation option requires no polling, has no always-on instances, and allows arbitrarily fast processing by simply setting the instance count as high as needed.

24 / 25

You want to use AWS Import/Export to send data from your S3 bucket to several of your branch offices. What should you do if you want to send 10 storage units to AWS?

Make sure your disks are 1TB or more.

Make sure your disks are encrypted prior to shipping.

Make sure you submit a separate job request for each device.

Make sure you format your disks prior to shipping

Explanation

When using Amazon Import/Export, a separate job request needs to be submitted for each physical device even if they belong to the same import or export job.

Explanation

When using Amazon Import/Export, a separate job request needs to be submitted for each physical device even if they belong to the same import or export job.

25 / 25

What is the default maximum number of Access Keys per user?

The default maximum number of Access Keys per user is 2

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AWS Certified Solutions Architect Associate (SAA) – Exam Mode

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1 / 65

You have set up an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) with the usual default settings, which route each request independently to the application instance with the smallest load. However, someone has asked you to bind a user’s session to a specific application instance so as to ensure that all requests coming from the user during the session will be sent to the same application instance. AWS has a feature to do this. What is it called?

Sticky session

Tagging

Connection draining

Proxy protocol

Explanation

An Elastic Load Balancer(ELB) by default, routes each request independently to the application instance with the smallest load. However, you can use the sticky session feature (also known as session affinity), which enables the load balancer to bind a user’s session to a specific application instance. This ensures that all requests coming from the user during the session will be sent to the same application instance. The key to managing the sticky session is determining how long your load balancer should consistently route the user’s request to the same application instance. If your application has its own session cookie, then you can set Elastic Load Balancing to create the session cookie to follow the duration specified by the application’s session cookie. If your application does not have its own session cookie, then you can set Elastic Load Balancing to create a session cookie by specifying your own stickiness duration. You can associate stickiness duration for only HTTP/HTTPS load balancer listeners. An application instance must always receive and send two cookies: A cookie that defines the stickiness duration and a special Elastic Load Balancing cookie named AWSELB, that has the mapping to the application instance.

Explanation

2 / 65

You are contacted by a client to troubleshoot an issue with their instances in a VPC. An initial review of an architectural diagram calls for an Internet-facing application load balancer (ALB) and two EC2 Auto Scaling groups within a VPC.

After logging in, you verify the health checks for the instances are acceptable. However, the instances are not receiving traffic from the ALB.

What steps should you take to resolve this issue? (Choose 2 answers)

Edit the load balancer’s security group to allow traffic to subnets and EC2 instances

Attach an Elastic Network Interface (ENI) to the ALB

Edit the load balancer’s security group to allow traffic to subnets and EC2 instances

Create an Access Control List (ACL) for your ALB

Explanation

These types of issues can be investigated in a checklist type manner. First, it’s important to verify manually that the EC2 instances are properly functioning. If so, it becomes a network issue. Are the Security Groups configured properly? Are the ACLs configured properly? Once the instances are verified, it is most likely that a Security Group or ACL is not configured properly.

Explanation

3 / 65

You have a lot of data stored in the AWS Storage Gateway and your manager has come to you asking about how the billing is calculated, specifically the Virtual Tape Shelf usage. What would be a correct response to this?

You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon S3 and are billed for the size of the virtual tape.

You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon S3 and billed for the portion of virtual tape capacity that you use, not for the size of the virtual tape.

You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon Glacier and billed for the portion of virtual tape capacity that you use, not for the size of the virtual tape.

You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon Glacier and are billed for the size of the virtual tape

Explanation

The AWS Storage Gateway is a service connecting an on-premises software appliance with cloud-based storage to provide seamless and secure integration between an organization’s on-premises IT environment and AWS’s storage infrastructure. AWS Storage Gateway billing is as follows. Volume storage usage (per GB per month): You are billed for the Cached volume data you store in Amazon S3. You are only billed for volume capacity you use, not for the size of the volume you create. Snapshot Storage usage (per GB per month): You are billed for the snapshots your gateway stores in Amazon S3. These snapshots are stored and billed as Amazon EBS snapshots. Snapshots are incremental backups, reducing your storage charges. When taking a new snapshot, only the data that has changed since your last snapshot is stored. Virtual Tape Library usage (per GB per month): You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon S3. You are only billed for the portion of virtual tape capacity that you use, not for the size of the virtual tape. Virtual Tape Shelf usage (per GB per month): You are billed for the virtual tape data you store in Amazon Glacier. You are only billed for the portion of virtual tape capacity that you use, not for the size of the virtual tape

Explanation

4 / 65

Your account has 3 VPCs deployed in the same region.

The IPv4 address ranges of the VPCs are:

VPC A 172.22.0.0/16

VPC B 10.3.0.0/16

VPC C 10.4.0.0/16

VPC B and VPC C are already connected through VPC peering connection (PCX) named pcx-abcxyz. VPC A has resources that VPC B and VPC C must access. Which of the options below best achieves the objective of allowing VPC B and VPC C to access VPC A?

Create separate VPC Peering connections between VPC A & VPC B and VPC A & VPC C

Add static routes to VPC A with Targets of 10.3.0.0/16 and 10.4.0.0/16 and a Destination of pcx-abcxyz

Connect VPC A to VPC B using VPC Peering and allow VPC C to access VPC A through VPC B

Connect VPC A to pcx-abcxyz

Explanation

Creating separate VPC Peering connections between each VPC is required for Peering 3 VPCs together. Transitive routing is not supported in VPC Peering so VPC C could not reach VPC A through VPC B. A new VPC Peering connection is required for connecting additional VPCs, so connecting VPC A to pcx-abcxyz is not a viable option. Adding a static route to VPC A that points to pcx-abcxyz would not work as pcx-abcxyz is not connected to VPC A.

Explanation

5 / 65

Your company uses multiple Amazon VPCs and is setting up a new office. The company is deciding on the best way to connect this new, remote office network with the company’s Amazon VPC environment. Due to the fact it is a new office, no VPN equipment or internet connections exist yet, so this office can design any network connection type it desires. The highest priorities are: A predictable network performance A private connection avoiding the public internet Reduced bandwidth costs Minimal administration required to maintain the high availability of network endpoints Which VPC connection option best fits your requirements to connect your new office to one of your VPCs?

Use a hub-and-spoke model with AWS VPN CloudHub

Configure a VPN connection with a hardware VPN.

Connect via AWS Direct Connect

Configure a VPN connection with a software VPN.

Explanation

Establish a private connection from your new office’s network to your Amazon VPC using AWS Direct Connect is the most suitable option in this case. This option provides predictable network performance, reduces bandwidth costs, and doesn’t require that customers be responsible for implementing high availability solutions for all VPN endpoints. The downside of this option (possible requiring additional telecom and hosting provider relationships) is mitigated in this instance because the office is new and would need to provision a whole new network anyway

Explanation

6 / 65

Compute unit failure on primary

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone

Loss of network connectivity to primary

Long running resource intensive stored procedure

Explanation

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone
Loss of network connectivity to primary
Compute unit failure on primary
Storage failure on primary

Explanation

Loss of availability in primary Availability Zone
Loss of network connectivity to primary
Compute unit failure on primary
Storage failure on primary

7 / 65

You’ve been contracted by a client to improve the resiliency of their VPC in preparation for increased Disaster Recovery requirements with shorter RTO and RPOs. One thing you’d like to improve upon is resource and application monitoring. Which services used together will allow for the monitoring of application logs on EC2, notification of users managing the services, and the overall health of AWS resources? (Choose 2 answers)

Cloudwatch

SNS

Trusted Advisor

CloudFront

Explanation

Amazon SNS and CloudWatch are integrated so you can collect, view, and analyze metrics for every active Amazon SNS notification. By configuring CloudWatch for Amazon SNS, you can gain better insight into the performance of your Amazon SNS topics, push notifications, and SMS deliveries.

Explanation

8 / 65

Is it recommended to shutdown your EC2 instance when you create a snapshot of EBS volumes that serve as root devices?

No, the snapshot would turn off your instance automatically

Yes

No, you only need to shutdown an instance before deleting it.

Explanation

To create a snapshot for Amazon EBS volumes that serve as root devices, it is recommended to shutdown the instance before taking the snapshot.

Explanation

To create a snapshot for Amazon EBS volumes that serve as root devices, it is recommended to shutdown the instance before taking the snapshot.

9 / 65

Select a true statement about Amazon EC2 Security Groups (EC2-Classic).

After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can only add rules to a security group.

After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can change its security groups only once.

After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you cannot add or remove rules from a security group.

After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can’t change its security groups.

Explanation

After you launch an instance in EC2-Classic, you can’t change its security groups. However, you can add rules to or remove rules from a security group, and those changes are automatically applied to all instances that are associated with the security group

Explanation

10 / 65

You are configuring Amazon Route 53 to route traffic destined for yourwebsite.com to an Application Load Balancer that is configured to distribute traffic in two availability zones in the same AWS region. Which record set should you edit to point traffic for yourwebsite.com to your Application Load Balancer? Select the answer that is the most cost-effective and scalable.

CNAME

Alias

Explanation

yourwebsite.com is a zone apex. Alias record sets can be used to set a zone apex, but CNAME records cannot. Additionally, queries to Alias records that are mapped to an ELB are free. A records are used to map IPv4 addresses to FQDNs, the IP address of the ELB may change. MX records are used for email servers.

Explanation

11 / 65

A customer has a website which shows all the sales available in leading online and brick-and-mortar stores.

Currently, the website’s web, application, and database tiers are hosted on five large, on-demand EC2 instances to manage day-to-day traffic. However, from late November through the end of December, the website traffic quadruples the normal rate for various periods, sometimes a few minutes, and sometimes a few hours. During the peaks in activity, the website requires up to 20 large instances.

The level of activity is not predictable. It is also prone to large, sudden spikes at random times based on when various temporary sales are available. The site’s traffic can quadruple in a matter of minutes.

Which option is the most cost-effective and achieves better performance to handle these peaks in traffic reliably?

Purchase 5 Scheduled reserved instances immediately. Add 15 on-demand instances to run continuously from late November through the end of December.

Launch ten on-demand instances running continuously, and manually launch ten instances every day during office hours based on workload metrics as needed.

Purchase 5 Standard reserved instances immediately. Add five on-demand instances during the from late November through the end of December, and create an auto scaling group to scale out an additional ten instances based on the workload metrics as needed.

Purchase 5 Standard reserved instances immediately. Add ten on-demand instances to run continuously from late November through the end of December. Create an auto scaling group to scale out an additional five instances based on the workload metrics as needed.

Explanation

AWS provides an on-demand, scalable infrastructure. Amazon EC2 allows the user to launch On-Demand instances and the organization should create an AMI of the running instance. When the organization is experiencing varying loads and the time of the load is not known but it is higher than the routine traffic it is recommended that the organization launches a few instances beforehand and then setups AutoScaling with policies which scale up and down as per the EC2 metrics, such as Network I/O or CPU utilization.

If the organization keeps all ten additional instances as a part of the AutoScaling policy sometimes during a sudden higher load, it may take time to launch instances and may not give optimal performance. This is the reason it is recommended that the organization keeps an additional five instances running and the next five instances scheduled as per the AutoScaling policy for cost-effectiveness.

Additionally, the website has established a baseline of normal workload outside of the peak season, so they can invest in Standard reserved instances to manage this workload and save dramatically on compute resource costs.

Explanation

12 / 65

Your company decided to create AWS Account and start moving some workloads to the cloud. The security team would like to utilize the existing identity and access management system which is based on Active Directory to manage access to the new AWS Account. For that reason you decided to use SAML federation to allow users in local identity and access management system access to AWS Services.

Which of the following are primary components in SAML Federation configuration for the new AWS account? (Choose 2 answers)

IAM trust policy that allows external identity store like Active Directory to be used as the primary IDP for this AWS account

IAM Roles matching Active Directory groups that you would like to allow access to AWS

SAML-Based identity provider has to be available to be used with company’s identity store (Active Directory)

Direct Connect or VPN connectivity must be established between AWS and your company’s data center

Explanation

To enable SAML-Based federation for AWS Account, the following actions are required

1- Inside your organization’s network, you configure your identity store (such as Windows Active Directory) to work with a SAML-based identity provider (IdP) like Windows Active Directory Federation Services

2- In IAM, create a new SAML provider, which is an entity in IAM that holds information about your organization’s identity provider.

3- You also need to create roles that will map to allowed groups in company’s identity store, members of these groups will be presented with set of roles that map to their group membership to choose which role they would like to assume while logging in to AWS console

Explanation

To enable SAML-Based federation for AWS Account, the following actions are required

2- In IAM, create a new SAML provider, which is an entity in IAM that holds information about your organization’s identity provider.

13 / 65

Convertible reserved instances, one-year commitment, no upfront

Convertible reserved instances, three-year term commitment, all upfront

Standard reserved instances, one-year commitment, no upfront

Standard reserved instances, three-year term commitment, all upfront

Explanation

14 / 65

You configured a VPC with web servers hosted on EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group in a public subnet. You then create a private subnet and deploy your Amazon RDS database servers in it.

You grant a database administrator access to the RDS database instance, but she is unable to connect to it.

What steps can you take to resolve the issue?

Create a security group with specific ingress and egress rules for the DB instance

Use a different port for ingress.

Configure single sign-on for your database administrator.

Create a key pair for your database administrator to log in

Explanation

When you are unable to connect to a new database, it is often because the DB instance creation is still in progress and is not available yet. A reasonable amount of time to wait (at most) is 20 to 30 minutes. Beyond that, there is likely a problem. A common pattern in DB implementation involves placing databases in private subnets for additional security. If you follow this practice, make sure that the Security Groups provide appropriate ingress and egress to the DB instance

Explanation

15 / 65

To optimize the cost associated with your application’s compute layer, your development team decided to integrate spot instances to support spikes in your workload. However, your auto scaling group should always contain eight (8) on-demand or reserved instances to process the normal amount of requests, and deploy a combination of spot and on-demand instances to manage spikes of activity requiring more than eight (8) instances.

How can you ensure there are always eight (8) on-demand instances to support your compute layers’ typical workload?

Within your launch template, set the auto scaling group’s optional on-demand base to eight (8) instances.

Within your launch template, set the instance weighting for on-demand instances to eight (8) instances.

Within your launch template, set the auto scaling group’s minimum capacity to eight (8) instances.

Within your launch template, set the auto scaling group’s desired capacity to eight (8) instances.

Explanation

When you want to include instances with multiple purchase types in the same auto scaling group, you have the ability to maintain a set number of on-demand instances will be deployed at all times, and then split the remaining instances between multiple purchase types as you see fit. To configure this, set a number of instances as your “optional on-demand base” within your launch template. This is not possible using a launch configuration.

Explanation

16 / 65

You have been asked to perform some penetration testing on your company’s AWS infrastructure. However, you are not sure who is responsible for this. Which statement describing the AWS policy regarding penetration testing is correct?

You need to employ a third-party specialist to do the testing.

Permission is required from AWS for all penetration testing.

You can always perform pentration testing with no prior AWS approval.

The information you share with AWS as part of this process is kept confidential within AWS.

Explanation

There are several important things to note about penetration testing requests:

Permission may be required for penetration testing, depending on which AWS services are in use.
To request permission, you must be logged into the AWS portal using the root credentials associated with the instances you wish to test, otherwise the form will not pre-populate correctly

Explanation

There are several important things to note about penetration testing requests:

Permission may be required for penetration testing, depending on which AWS services are in use.
To request permission, you must be logged into the AWS portal using the root credentials associated with the instances you wish to test, otherwise the form will not pre-populate correctly

17 / 65

A client has contracted you to review their existing AWS cloud environment and recommend and implement best practice changes. You begin by reviewing existing users and Identity Access Management. You immediately notice improvements that can be made with the use of the root account and Identity Access Management. What are the best practice guidelines for use of the root account?

Use the root account to create all other accounts, and share the root account with one backup administrator.

Use the root account to create your first IAM user and then lock away the root account.

Use the root account only to create administrator accounts.

Never use the root account.

Explanation

Don’t use your AWS root account credentials to access AWS, and don’t give your credentials to anyone else. Instead, create individual users for anyone who needs access to your AWS account. Create an IAM user for yourself as well, give that user administrative privileges, and use that IAM user for all your work.

Explanation

18 / 65

A user has created a subnet in VPC and launched an EC2 instance within it. The user has not selected the option to assign the IP address while launching the instance. The user has 3 elastic IPs and is trying to assign one of the Elastic IPs to the VPC instance from the console. The console does not show any instance in the IP assignment screen. What is a possible reason thatthe instance is unavailable in the assigned IP console?

The user has not created an internet gateway

The IP address belongs to a different zone than the subnet zone

The IP addresses belong to EC2 Classic, so they cannot be assigned to VPC

The IP address may be attached to one of the instances

Explanation

A Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is a virtual network dedicated to the user’s AWS account. A user can create a subnet with VPC and launch instances inside that subnet. When the user is launching an instance he needs to select an option which attaches a public IP to the instance. If the user has not selected the option to attach the public IP, then it will only have a private IP when launched. If the user wants to connect to an instance from the Internet, he should create an elastic IP with VPC. If the elastic IP isa part of EC2 Classic, it cannot be assigned to a VPC instance.

Explanation

19 / 65

Your client’s AWS environment contains several EBS-backed EC2 instances for a project that needs to be postponed.

What choices below will allow you to avoid charges for these on-demand instances, but retain data currently stored within these instances? (Choose 2 answers)

Stop all the instances

Terminate all the instances and then make an image of all the instances.

Take a snapshot of all the instances and then terminate all the instances.

Terminate all the instances.

Explanation

If you stop the instances you will not be charged and the data will still be kept. If you terminate the instances you will lose all your data. If you take a snapshot of all the instances and then terminate all the instances you will not be charged but will still have all your data in the snapshot which can be restored later.

Explanation

20 / 65

You are setting up some EBS volumes for a customer who has requested a setup which includes a RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks). AWS has some recommendations for RAID setups. Which RAID setup is not recommended for Amazon EBS?

RAID 5 and RAID 6

RAID 5 only

RAID 1 only

RAID 1 and RAID 6

Explanation

With Amazon EBS, you can use any of the standard RAID configurations that you can use with a traditional bare metal server, as long as that particular RAID configuration is supported by the operating system for your instance. This is because all RAID is accomplished at the software level. For greater I/O performance than you can achieve with a single volume, RAID 0 can stripe multiple volumes together, for on-instance redundancy, RAID 1 can mirror two volumes together. RAID 5 and RAID 6 are not recommended for Amazon EBS because the parity write operations of these RAID modes consume some of the IOPS available to your volumes

Explanation

21 / 65

You are working for a rapidly growing company that is using EC2 instances to process customer requests. There have been many instances of latency related to the high demand for specific EC2 instances. You are designing changes to the environment, including an Application Load Balancer to manage traffic demands. What ELB characteristics and best practices should you keep in mind? (Choose 2 answers)

For instances behind an ELB, do not bind an application to the instances IP address

It is recommended to reference an ELB by its MAC address instead of its DNS address.

Note that ELB in a VPC supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

It is recommended to reference an ELB by its DNS name instead of its IP address

Explanation

The IP address for a load balancer can frequently change as the service scales up and down in a process managed by the service. What this means is that the IP address you reference may change as the service scales – the hardware technically behind the load balancing service may have been reallocated. By using the DNS name, ELB can reference and translate that to the current load balancer’s IP address.

The same goes for the binding the application to an instance’s IP address – the actual instances handling requests can change at a moment’s notice in the cloud, so rather than tying requests to a specific IP address, reference a DNS name and this will be translated to the current instance IP address.

Explanation

22 / 65

Which type of IAM role is pre-defined, and can only be edited in a limited number of cases?

Identity Provider Access Roles

Cross-Account Access Roles

AWS Service Roles

AWS Service-Linked Roles

Explanation

23 / 65

An organization has a statutory requirement to protect the data at rest for data stored in EBS volumes. Which of the below mentioned options can the organization use to achieve data protection?

Data replication.

Data encryption.

Data snapshot.

All the options listed here.

Explanation

For protecting the Amazon EBS data at REST, the user can use options, such as Data Encryption (Windows / Linux / third party based), Data Replication (AWS internally replicates data for redundancy), and Data Snapshot (for point in time backup). Reference: http://media.amazonwebservices.com/AWS_Security_Best_Practices.pdf

Explanation

24 / 65

A user has set up the CloudWatch alarm on the CPU utilization metric at 50%, with a time interval of 5 minutes and 10 periods to monitor. What will be the state of the alarm at the end of 90 minutes, if the CPU utilization is constant at 80%?

ALERT

ALARM

INSUFFICIENT_DATA

Explanation

In this case the alarm watches a metric every 5 minutes for 10 intervals. Thus, it needs at least 50 minutes to come to the “OK” state. Till then it will be in the INSUFFUCIENT_DATA state. Since 90 minutes have passed and CPU utilization is at 80% constant, the state of alarm will be “ALARM”.

Explanation

25 / 65

You are building a system to distribute confidential documents to employees across the world. Using CloudFront, what method could be used to serve content that is stored in S3, but not publically accessible from S3 directly?

Create an Identity and Access Management (IAM) User for CloudFront and grant access to the objects in your S3 bucket to that IAM User.

Create a S3 bucket policy that lists the CloudFront distribution ID as the Principal and the target bucket as the Amazon Resource Name (ARN).

Add the CloudFront account security group “amazon-cf/amazon-cf-sg” to the appropriate S3 bucket policy.

Create an Origin Access Identity (OAI) for CloudFront and grant access to the objects in your S3 bucket to that OAI.

Explanation

You restrict access to Amazon S3 content by creating an origin access identity, which is a special CloudFront user. You change Amazon S3 permissions to give the origin access identity permission to access your objects, and to remove permissions from everyone else. When your users access your Amazon S3 objects using CloudFront URLs, the CloudFront origin access identity gets the objects on your users’ behalf. If your users try to access objects using Amazon S3 URLs, they’re denied access. The origin access identity has permission to access objects in your Amazon S3 bucket, but users don’t.

Explanation

26 / 65

You are designing a cloud solution for a new client. They have a multi-tier application and would like high availability at both the Web and Database tiers. The database will be MySQL and will be a highly available, multi-AZ configuration. You describe the failover process to the client including how the failover mechanism automatically changes the DNS record of the DB instance to point to the standby DB instance. What additional step must you discuss with the clients technical team?

re-establishing connections to the DB instance

transferring MySQL license to the standby server

asynchronously replicating the primary database to the standby database

converting read replicas to multi-AZ standbys

Explanation

In the event of a planned or unplanned outage of your DB instance, Amazon RDS automatically switches to a standby replica in another Availability Zone if you have enabled Multi-AZ. Failover times are typically 60-120 seconds. The failover mechanism automatically changes the DNS record of the DB instance to point to the standby DB instance. As a result, you will need to re-establish any existing connections to your DB instance.

Explanation

27 / 65

You are an engineer at a large bank, responsible for managing your firm’s AWS infrastructure. Your finance team has approached you, indicating their concern over the growing S3 budget. They have asked you to identify strategies to reduce the S3 spend by at least 25% before the next monthly billing cycle.

How could you accomplish this? (Choose 2 answers)

Utilize Infrequent Access storage for objects that are not requested so frequently

Implement lifecycle to archive older objects to Glacier

Use Snowball for large data objects to avoid data transfer rates

Enable object compression to reduce object sizes

Explanation

You can use the infrequent access to reduce the cost of certain classes of objects, as well as send older objects to Glacier for archiving at a much lower cost.

Note that data transfer into S3 is always free. So if you want to reduce your cost, using Snowball might speed up moving large data sets however it will not reduce your cost

Explanation

You can use the infrequent access to reduce the cost of certain classes of objects, as well as send older objects to Glacier for archiving at a much lower cost.

Note that data transfer into S3 is always free. So if you want to reduce your cost, using Snowball might speed up moving large data sets however it will not reduce your cost

28 / 65

You have 4 Direct Connect (DX) connections to your VPC from your Chicago, Boston, Houston, and Orlando offices. Your VPC’s address range is 10.20.0.0/16. You are using BGP routing. You would like to ensure AWS uses the Chicago connection to reach the IP addresses ranging from 10.20.30.0-10.20.30.127 on your network. The other three locations are currently advertising the following routes:

Boston: 10.20.0.0/16 AS 65000

Houston: 10.20.30.0/24 AS 65000 65000

Orlando: 10.20.30.254/32 AS 65000 65000 65000

Which of the following routes could you advertise from your Chicago connection to ensure AWS uses it to access IP addresses ranging from 10.20.30.0-10.20.30.127?

10.20.30.0/23 AS 65000 65000

10.20.30.128/26 AS 65000

10.20.30.0/25 AS 65000 65000 65000

10.20.128.0/17 AS 65000

Explanation

AWS will choose the most specific route first. If routes are equal after checking for the most specific routes, AWS will use AS path prepending to determine which route is preferred. In this example, 10.20.30.0/25 is more specific than 10.20.30.0/24 and 10.20.0.0/16, so AS path prepending will not matter. The other options are either outside of the address range in question (10.20.30.128/26 and 10.20.128.0/17) or less specific than the route advertised by Houston (10.20.30.0/23). The route advertised from Orlando, 10.20.30.254/32, identifies a single IPv4 address that is outside of the range in question

Explanation

29 / 65

You must configure a number of CloudWatch alarms to terminate and/or recover EC2 instances based on their performance metrics, and to receive an alert when such an action is triggered. Which of the following services will you need to integrate with CloudWatch to configure the alarms and alerts? (Choose 2 answers)

Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS)

AWS Config

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Amazon EC2 System Manager

Explanation

You will need to ensure the correct permissions have been assigned to the CloudWatch service, which means working with IAM permissions. You will also need to configure a notification via SNS.

Explanation

You will need to ensure the correct permissions have been assigned to the CloudWatch service, which means working with IAM permissions. You will also need to configure a notification via SNS.

30 / 65

The data is automatically copied to another instance store volume

The volume data is saved in S3

The data persists.

The data is deleted

Explanation

31 / 65

You are leading the design of your company’s AWS cloud environment. The majority of the traffic on the cloud network will be between virtual servers hosted on EC2 instances within each department. The key priorities are low network latency and high network throughput. What choices below are best-suited to the traffic patterns, and address the organizational requirements? (Choose 3 answers)

Using cluster placement groups

Only use instance types offering at least 10 GBPS network connectivity

Use spread placement groups

Use instances with enhanced networking capability

Explanation

A placement group is a logical grouping of instances within a single Availability Zone. Placement groups are recommended for applications that benefit from low network latency, high network throughput, or both. To provide the lowest latency, and the highest packet-per-second network performance for your placement group, choose an instance type that supports enhanced networking

Explanation

32 / 65

You are setting up your first Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) so you decide to use the VPC wizard in the AWS console to help make it easier for you. Which of the following statements is correct regarding instances that you launch into a default subnet via the VPC wizard?

Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive a public IP address and 10 private IP addresses.

Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive a public IP address and 5 private IP addresses.

Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive both a public IP address and a private IP address.

Instances that you launch into a default subnet don’t receive any ip addresses and you need to define them manually.

Explanation

Instances that you launch into a default subnet receive both a public IP address and a private IP address. Instances in a default subnet also receive both public and private DNS hostnames. Instances that you launch into a nondefault subnet in a default VPC don’t receive a public IP address or a DNS hostname. You can change your subnet’s default public IP addressing behavior

Explanation

33 / 65

You are running an Amazon EC2 EBS-backed instance with a Windows operating system. The hourly instance charge for your instance is $14. You’ve asked your team to stop the instance when they aren’t using it in an effort to save money. However, when the bill comes, you’re surprised to realize that there was an hour where you were charged $42 for the instance. How could this be?

That instance was stopped and never started again, resulting in a premature termination fee.

No one ever stopped the instance like they were supposed to when they weren’t using it.

That instance was stopped and restarted twice within that hour.

Too many people attempted to access that instance in that particular hour, resulting in a higher bill.

Explanation

When an Amazon EBS-backed instance is stopped, you’re not charged for instance usage; however, you’re still charged for volume storage. Amazon charges a full instance hour for every transition from a stopped state to a running state, even if you transition the instance multiple times within a single hour. In this scenario, the charge was $42, which is three times more than $14. This suggests that you stopped and restarted that instance twice during that hour (the initial $14, plus 2 x $14 for each restart).

Although some instances now have per-second billing available, this new billing structure does not apply to Windows instances at this point.

Explanation

Although some instances now have per-second billing available, this new billing structure does not apply to Windows instances at this point.

34 / 65

You are responsible for maintaining an RDS database deployed in a Multi-AZ deployment architecture. What would be the downtime and/or failover cycle associated with maintenance events on your database? (Choose 2 answers)

Maintenance will be applied to the primary instance first

The old primary will be promoted back to the new primary after maintenance

Standby instance will become the new primary after maintenance

Maintenance will be applied to standby instance first.

Explanation

Running a DB Instance as a Multi-AZ deployment can further reduce the impact of a maintenance event because Amazon RDS will conduct maintenance by following these steps: Perform maintenance on the standby.

Perform maintenance on the standby.
Promote the standby to primary.
Perform maintenance on the old primary, which becomes the new standby.

Explanation

Perform maintenance on the standby.
Promote the standby to primary.
Perform maintenance on the old primary, which becomes the new standby.

35 / 65

Having set up a website to automatically be redirected to a backup website if it fails, you realize that there are different types of failovers that are possible. You need all your resources to be available the majority of the time. Using Amazon Route 53 which configuration would best suit this requirement?

Active-active failover

Active-passive failover

None. Route 53 can’t failover

Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations

Explanation

You can set up a variety of failover configurations using Amazon Route 53 alias: weighted, latency, geolocation routing, and failover resource record sets.

Active-active failover: Use this failover configuration when you want all of your resources to be available the majority of the time. When a resource becomes unavailable, Amazon Route 53 can detect that it’s unhealthy and stop including it when responding to queries.
Active-passive failover: Use this failover configuration when you want a primary group of resources to be available the majority of the time and you want a secondary group of resources to be on standby in case all of the primary resources become unavailable. When responding to queries, Amazon Route 53 includes only the healthy primary resources. If all of the primary resources are unhealthy, Amazon Route 53 begins to include only the healthy secondary resources in response to DNS queries.
Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations: You can combine alias and non-alias resource record sets to produce a variety of Amazon Route 53 behaviors.

Explanation

You can set up a variety of failover configurations using Amazon Route 53 alias: weighted, latency, geolocation routing, and failover resource record sets.

Active-active failover: Use this failover configuration when you want all of your resources to be available the majority of the time. When a resource becomes unavailable, Amazon Route 53 can detect that it’s unhealthy and stop including it when responding to queries.
Active-passive failover: Use this failover configuration when you want a primary group of resources to be available the majority of the time and you want a secondary group of resources to be on standby in case all of the primary resources become unavailable. When responding to queries, Amazon Route 53 includes only the healthy primary resources. If all of the primary resources are unhealthy, Amazon Route 53 begins to include only the healthy secondary resources in response to DNS queries.
Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations: You can combine alias and non-alias resource record sets to produce a variety of Amazon Route 53 behaviors.

36 / 65

A user has applied an S3 Bucket access control list (ACL) and a bucket policy to an S3 bucket. Then, the user enables cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) on the same bucket.

Which of the following statements is true in this context?

The ACLs and policies continue to apply when you enable CORS on the bucket

It is not possible to have all three applied to the same bucket.

With CORS, only an ACL can be applied

With CORS, only the policy can be applied

Explanation

The CORS specification gives a user the ability to build web applications that make requests to domains other than the one which supplied the primary content. The ACLs and policies continue to apply when you enable CORS on the bucket.

Explanation

37 / 65

You are an engineer at a large bank, responsible for managing your firm’s AWS infrastructure. The finance team has approached you, indicating their concern over the growing AWS budget, and has asked you to investigate ways to lower it. Since your firm has enterprise-level support, you decide to use the AWS Trusted Advisor tool for this effort. What are some of the cost optimization checks that Trusted Advisor will perform? (Choose 3 answers)

EC2 Spot Instance Optimization

Underutilized Amazon Redshift Clusters

Idle Load Balancers

Underutilized Amazon EBS Volumes

Explanation

Trusted Advisor checks for Amazon EC2 reserved instances optimization, low utilization of Amazon EC2 instances, idle Load Balancers, underutilized Amazon EBS Volumes, unassociated Elastic IP Addresses, Amazon RDS idle DB instances, Amazon Route 53 Latency Resource Record Sets, Amazon EC2 reserved instance lease expiration and underutilized Amazon Redshift Clusters

Explanation

38 / 65

You are working as a Solutions Architect for a civil engineering company. You’ve been tasked with creating a Virtual Private Cloud to support a hybrid cloud solution. The cloud environment will need to connect to an on-premises application that cannot be migrated to the VPC. Your requirements are to get the connection setup as quickly as possible. Which option can you use to connect the VPC to the on-premise environment as quickly as possible?

Direct Connect

AWS-managed VPN

NAT Gateway

Virtual Private Gateway

Explanation

You can connect your VPC to remote networks by using a VPN connection. You can create an IPsec, hardware VPN connection between your VPC and your remote network. On the AWS side of the VPN connection, a virtual private gateway provides two VPN endpoints for automatic failover. You configure your customer gateway, which is the physical device or software application on the remote side of the VPN connection. A VPN connection is the fastest way to complete the connection between on-premises computing and your VPC. However, VPN is not as reliable or as fast as Direct Connect.

Explanation

39 / 65

After reviewing the reports from AWS Trusted Advisor, your company has decided to enable multi-factor authentication for IAM users and the root account. Which of the following MFA options can be used for both account types? (Choose 2 answers)

AWS Security Token Service

Hardware MFA Device

SNS Notification Service

A software-based Virtual MFA device

Explanation

For increased security, AWS recommends that you configure multi-factor authentication (MFA) to help protect your AWS resources. MFA adds extra security because it requires users to enter a unique authentication code from an approved authentication device or SMS text message when they access AWS websites or services. This type of MFA requires you to assign an MFA device (hardware or virtual) to the IAM user or the AWS root account.

Explanation

40 / 65

A user is currently building a website which will require a large number of instances in six months, when a demonstration of the new site will be given upon launch. Which of the below mentioned options allows the user to procure the resources beforehand so that they need not worry about infrastructure availability during the demonstration?

Ask AWS now to procure the dedicated instances in 6 months.

Pre-warm all the instances one month prior to ensure resource availability.

Launch all the instances as part of the cluster group to ensure resource availability.

Procure all the instances as reserved instances beforehand.

Explanation

Amazon Web Services has massive hardware resources at its data centers, but they are finite. The best way for users to maximize their access to these resources is by reserving a portion of the computing capacity that they require. This can be done through reserved instances. With reserved instances, the user literally reserves the computing capacity in the Amazon Web Services cloud.

Explanation

41 / 65

Does AWS CloudFormation support Amazon EC2 tagging?

No, CloudFormation doesn’t support any tagging

No, it doesn’t support Amazon EC2 tagging.

Yes, AWS CloudFormation supports Amazon EC2 tagging

It depends if the Amazon EC2 tagging has been defined in the template.

Explanation

In AWS CloudFormation, Amazon EC2 resources that support the tagging feature can also be tagged in an AWS template. The tag values can refer to template parameters, other resource names, resource attribute values (e.g. addresses), or values computed by simple functions (e.g., a concatenated list of strings).

Explanation

42 / 65

A user has launched a large EBS-backed instance with AWS. The only other storage associated with it is ephemeral storage on instance store. What will happen if the user stops the instance?

All the data on ephemeral storage will be automatically backed up in S3.

All the data on ephemeral storage will be snapshotted.

No data will be lost.

All the data on ephemeral storage will be lost.

Explanation

In AWS, ephemeral storage is only temporary storage. If the instance is stopped and started back all the data on ephemeral storage will be lost.

Explanation

In AWS, ephemeral storage is only temporary storage. If the instance is stopped and started back all the data on ephemeral storage will be lost.

43 / 65

A user is running a batch process which runs for 1 hour every day. Which of the below mentioned options is the right instance type and costing model in this case if the user performs the same task for the whole year?

Instance store backed instance with spot instance pricing.

EBS backed instance with on-demand instance pricing.

EBS backed instance with heavy utilized reserved instance pricing

EBS backed instance with low utilized reserved instance pricing

Explanation

For Amazon Web Services, the reserved instance helps the user save money if the user is going to run the same instance for a longer period. Generally, if the user uses the instances around 30-40% annually it is recommended to use RI. Here as the instance runs only for 1 hour daily it is not recommended to have RI as it will be costlier. The user should use on-demand with EBS in this case.

Explanation

44 / 65

You’re tasked to set up an AWS media sharing framework for a new start up company. It will need a huge amount of persistent data storage for this framework, and data will be regularly uploaded, transferred and downloaded by customers. Which of the following storage options would be appropriate and cost effective for persistent storage in this case?

AWS Import/Export or AWS Storage Gateway

AWS Import/Export or Amazon CloudFront

Amazon Glacier or AWS Import/Export

Amazon EBS volumes or Amazon S3

Explanation

Persistent storage—If you need persistent virtual disk storage similar to a physical disk drive for files or other data that must persist longer than the lifetime of a single Amazon EC2 instance, Amazon EBS volumes or Amazon S3 are more appropriate. There is also the cost of data uploads as well as frequent transfers and downloads. While Glacier would be an effective archival service, the data may be accessed frequently, which would get expensive quickly for this start up.

Explanation

45 / 65

Monitor the server availability using Cloud Watch metrics to receive alerts of health check failures.

Configure the server in an auto scaling group with a minimum and maximum size of one

Perform snapshots of EBS volumes on a set schedule.

Add an additional availability zone and a load balancer.

Explanation

46 / 65

Can Amazon RDS manage synchronous data replication across Availability Zones?

No, Amazon RDS does so only for certain AZs.

Yes

Yes, Amazon RDS can manage this but only for certain DB instance types.

Explanation

Yes, in the Multi-AZ Deployment option, Amazon RDS manages synchronous data replication across Availability Zones and automatic failover.

Explanation

Yes, in the Multi-AZ Deployment option, Amazon RDS manages synchronous data replication across Availability Zones and automatic failover.

47 / 65

You have been assigned to work with a manufacturing company that wants to migrate to a Virtual Private Cloud. Their technical lead is very proactive and and would like to use EC2 Spot instances wherever possible for cost efficiency. He also wants to use Instance Stored volumes where possible. You need to educate the technical lead about EBS backed volumes versus Instance Stored volumes. What are some of the advantages of EBS volumes? (Choose 3 answers)

EBS volumes are more cost-effective

EBS instances boot faster

If the instance is terminated, your data is not lost.

EBS based instances can be stopped and restarted.

Explanation

An EBS volume is off-instance storage that can persist independently from the life of an instance. You continue to pay for the volume usage as long as the data persists. EBS instances can be stopped and re-started. And EBS volumes boot faster than instance store volumes often by an order of magnitude

Explanation

48 / 65

You are setting up your company’s Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). It is time to select the virtual hardware and the software to be provisioned for the instances you will launch within the VPC. You will do this by selecting the Instance Types and Amazon Machine Images (AMI). Which item is not defined by the AMI?

Virtual CPUs

Operating system

The initial state of any patches

Application or System Software

Explanation

An Amazon Machine Image (AMI) is a template that contains a software configuration (for example, an operating system, an application server, and applications). The AMI includes the operating system, initial state of any patches, and any application software. For example, you can select an AMI that has SQL Server. The virtual CPUs are not part of the AMI but are defined by the instance type.

Explanation

49 / 65

You are reviewing an application’s compute resources in an effort to optimize cost and performance. Your application’s compute layer currently general-purpose on-demand instances. Now you want are considering launching multiple instance types that use various purchase options, including On-Demand Instances, Reserved Instances, and Spot Instances.

What considerations regarding AWS EC2 Auto Scaling should you bear in mind while optimizing your compute layer?

Auto Scaling launch templates can deploy instances of multiple instance types and purchase types.

Auto Scaling launch templates can deploy instances of the same instance type and purchase type.

Auto Scaling launch templates can deploy instances of multiple purchase types, but all instances must have the same instance type.

Auto Scaling launch templates can deploy instances of multiple instance types, but all instances must have the same purchase type.

Explanation

The key benefit of launch templates is their capability to support multiple instance types and purchase types within the same template.

Explanation

The key benefit of launch templates is their capability to support multiple instance types and purchase types within the same template.

50 / 65

You run a stateless web application with the following components:

An Application Load Balancer (ALB)
A two-tier application with frontend instances processing user requests, and backend RDS MySQL instances
The MySQL RDS database offers a maximum of 3000 IOPS with Provisioned IOPS

Choose a different EC2 instance type for the frontend servers with a more appropriate CPU/Memory ratio

Replace the backend RDS database instances with Aurora database engine

Use Amazon RDS Read Replicas to improve your throughput

Use EC2 Auto Scaling to add additional frontend instances based on the CPU load threshold

Explanation

Because of the 97% CPU usage on the Web/Application servers using larger instance types or using auto scaling to add more servers will alleviate this problem.

You have 3000 provisioned IOPS and the average number of database disk operations varies between 1000 and 1500 so you do not need to change your database at all.

Explanation

Because of the 97% CPU usage on the Web/Application servers using larger instance types or using auto scaling to add more servers will alleviate this problem.

You have 3000 provisioned IOPS and the average number of database disk operations varies between 1000 and 1500 so you do not need to change your database at all.

51 / 65

Name the disk storage supported by Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).

Amazon AppStream store

Amazon Instance Store

Amazon SNS store

None of these

Explanation

Amazon EC2 supports the following storage options: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Amazon EC2 Instance Store Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) Reference:

Explanation

Amazon EC2 supports the following storage options: Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Amazon EC2 Instance Store Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3) Reference:

52 / 65

You have taken on a client that has been configured for AWS cloud and is fully operational. Your investigation of the environment reveals that your predecessor was a highly skilled AWS Architect. You view one instance that handles Internet traffic but also handles back end database traffic in a private subnet. This one instance is configured as a full management network attached to both a public subnet and a private subnet. What AWS device will enable such a configuration for a single instance?

Elastic Load Balancer

Elastic Network Interface

Auto scaling group

Elastic ip address

Explanation

You can create a management network using network interfaces. In this scenario, the secondary network interface on the instance handles public-facing traffic and the primary network interface handles back-end management traffic and is connected to a separate subnet in your VPC that has more restrictive access controls. The public-facing interface, which may or may not be behind a load balancer, has an associated security group that allows access to the server from the Internet while the private facing interface has an associated security group allowing SSH access only from an allowed range of IP addresses either within the VPC or from the Internet, a private subnet within the VPC or a virtual private gateway.

Explanation

53 / 65

An EC2 instance has one additional EBS volume attached to it. How can a user attach the same volume to another running instance in the same availability zone?

Attach the volume as read-only to the second instance

Terminate the first instance and only then attach it to the new instance

No need to detach. Just select the volume and attach it to the new instance, it will take care of mapping internally.

Detach the volume first and attach it to new instance

Explanation

If an EBS volume is attached to a running EC2 instance, the user needs to detach the volume from the original instance and then attach it to a new running instance. The user doesn’t need to stop or terminate the original instance.

Explanation

54 / 65

You need to measure the performance of your EBS volumes as they seem to be under performing. You have come up with a measurement of 1,024 KB I/O but your colleague tells you that EBS volume performance is measured in IOPS. How many IOPS is equal to 1,024 KB I/O?

256

Explanation

Several factors can affect the performance of Amazon EBS volumes, such as instance configuration, I/O characteristics, workload demand, and storage configuration. IOPS are input/output operations per second. Amazon EBS measures each I/O operation per second (that is 256 KB or smaller) as one IOPS. I/O operations that are larger than 256 KB are counted in 256 KB capacity units. For example, a 1,024 KB I/O operation would count as 4 IOPS. When you provision a 4,000 IOPS volume and attach it to an EBS-optimized instance that can provide the necessary bandwidth, you can transfer up to 4,000 chunks of data per second (provided that the I/O does not exceed the 128 MB/s per volume throughput limit of General Purpose (SSD) and Provisioned IOPS (SSD) volumes).

Explanation

55 / 65

An existing client comes to you and says that he has heard that launching instances into a VPC (virtual private cloud) is a better strategy than launching instances into a EC2-classic which he knows is what you currently do. You suspect that he is correct and he has asked you to do some research about this and get back to him. Which of the following statements is true in regards to what ability launching your instances into a VPC instead of EC2-Classic gives you?

All of the things listed here

Define network interfaces, and attach one or more network interfaces to your instances

Change security group membership for your instances while they’re running

Assign static private IP addresses to your instances that persist across starts and stops

Explanation

By launching your instances into a VPC instead of EC2-Classic, you gain the ability to: Assign static private IP addresses to your instances that persist across starts andstops Assign multiple IP addresses to your instances. Define network interfaces, and attach one or more network interfaces to your instances Change security group membership for your instances while they’re running Control the outbound traffic from your instances (egress filtering) in addition to controlling the inbound traffic to them (ingress filtering). Add an additional layer of access control to your instances in the form of network access control lists (ACL). Run your instances on single-tenant hardware

Explanation

56 / 65

You have been assigned to improve security on your company’s S3 buckets. You review the configuration and find access control lists in use. What can you implement to offer a finer-grained security approach? (Choose 3 answers)

S3 Bucket Policies

AWS IAM Policies

Encrypted keys

Query-string authentication

Explanation

When you create a bucket or object in Amazon S3, only you have access. To give control to others you can use course grained controls (Access Control Lists), and fine grained controls (bucket policies, IAM policies, and query-string authentication)

Explanation

57 / 65

A user is making a scalable web application with compartmentalization. The user wants the log module to be accessible by all the application functionalities in an asynchronous way. Each module of the application sends data to the log module, and based on the resource availability it will process the logs. Which AWS service helps achieving this functionality?

AWS Simple Email Service.

AWS Simple Queue Service.

AWS Simple Workflow Service.

AWS Simple Notification Service.

Explanation

Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a highly reliable distributed messaging system for storing messages as they travel between computers. By using Amazon SQS, developers can simply move data between distributed application components. It is used to achieve compartmentalization or loose coupling. In this case all the modules will send a message to the logger queue and the data will be processed by queue as per the resource availability.

Explanation

58 / 65

A major customer has asked you to set up his AWS infrastructure so that it will be easy to recover in the case of a disaster of some sort. Which of the following is important when thinking about being able to quickly launch resources in AWS to ensure business continuity in case of a disaster?

Ensure that you have all supporting custom software packages available in AWS.

All items listed here are important when thinking about disaster recovery.

Create and maintain AMIs of key servers where fast recovery is required

Regularly run your servers, test them, and apply any software updates and configuration changes.

Explanation

In the event of a disaster to your AWS infrastructure you should be able to quickly launch resources in Amazon Web Services (AWS) to ensure business continuity. The following are some key steps you should have in place for preparation: 1. Set up Amazon EC2 instances to replicate or mirror data. 2. Ensure that you have all supporting custom software packages available in AWS. 3. Create and maintain AMIs of key servers where fast recovery is required. 4. Regularly run these servers, test them, and apply any software updates and configuration changes. 5. Consider automating the provisioning of AWS resources.

Explanation

59 / 65

A user has created an application which will be hosted on EC2. The application makes calls to DynamoDB to fetch certain data. The application is using the DynamoDB SDK to connect with from the EC2 instance. Which of the below mentioned statements is true with respect to the best practice for security in this scenario?

The user should create an IAM user with DynamoDB and EC2 access. Attach the user with the application so that it does not use the root account credentials

The user should create an IAM user with DynamoDB access and use its credentials within the application to connect with DynamoDB

The user should attach an IAM role with DynamoDB access to the EC2 instance

The user should create an IAM role, which has EC2 access so that it will allow deploying the application

Explanation

With AWS IAM a user is creating an application which runs on an EC2 instance and makes requests to AWS, such as DynamoDB or S3 calls. Here it is recommended that the user should not create an IAM user and pass the user’s credentials to the application or embed those credentials inside the application. Instead, the user should use roles for EC2 and give that role access to DynamoDB /S3. When the roles are attached to EC2, it will give temporary security credentials to the application hostedon that EC2, to connect with DynamoDB / S3.

Explanation

60 / 65

You are architecting for a hybrid cloud solution that will require continuous connectivity between on-premises servers and instances on AWS. You found that the connectivity between on-premises and AWS does not require high bandwidth for now so you decided to go with resilient VPN connectivity. Which of the following services are part of establishing a resilient VPN connection between on-premises networks and AWS? (Choose 3 answers)

VPN connection

Customer gateway

Virtual private gateway

Public VIFs

Explanation

A customer gateway CGW is the anchor on the customer side of that connection. It can be a physical or software appliance. The anchor on the AWS side of the VPN connection is called a virtual private gateway VGW. There are two lines between the customer gateway and virtual private gateway because the VPN connection consists of two tunnels in case of device failure. When you configure your customer gateway, it’s important you configure both tunnels.

The VPN connection will connect VGW attached to certain VPC and CGW on AWS.

Public and Private Virtual Interfaces VIFs are part of configuring a Direct Connect between on-premises and AWS

Explanation

The VPN connection will connect VGW attached to certain VPC and CGW on AWS.

Public and Private Virtual Interfaces VIFs are part of configuring a Direct Connect between on-premises and AWS

61 / 65

A client has contracted you to design and implement their Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). The design called for several web servers in an auto scaling group behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a public subnet. The database tier is in a private subnet. The client has sensitive data and would like to have it encrypted. You’ve decided to configure a public key on the ALB to handle SSL encryption but the public key authentication is failing. What is a possible cause?

The route table needs to contain a reference path to the SSL certificate

Each EC2 instance must be configured for SSL not the ELB

Update the SSL certificate and re-install it on your load balancer

The auto scaling policy needs to contain an SSL certificate

Explanation

An application load balancer configured to use the HTTPS or SSL protocol with back-end authentication enabled fails public key authentication it’s probable that the public key on the SSL certificate does not match the public key configured on the load balancer. You might need to update your SSL certificate. If your SSL certificate is current, try re-installing it on your load balancer.

Explanation

62 / 65

You’ve been assigned to assist a client in the creation of their AWS Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). You are shadowing their IT admin to allow the admin to create the VPC, learn, and benefit from your guidance. Which VPC components come automatically upon creation of a default VPC? (Choose 3 answers)

a default subnet

a default elastic IP address (EIP)

a default VPC security group

a main route table

Explanation

When you create a default VPC, the following components are created with it:

default subnet in each Availability Zone.
main route table
default security group
default network access control list (ACL)
Associate the default DHCP options set for your AWS account with your default VPC.

Explanation

When you create a default VPC, the following components are created with it:

default subnet in each Availability Zone.
main route table
default security group
default network access control list (ACL)
Associate the default DHCP options set for your AWS account with your default VPC.

63 / 65

In Elastic Load Balancing, what parameters determine the cost for the Application Load Balancer (ALB)? (Choose 2 answers)

Load Capacity Units (LCUs) used per hour

Each hour or partial hour that an ELB is running

Only hours that an ELB is running and the amount of storage the instance takes

GB of data transferred

Explanation

Application Load Balancer
You are charged for each hour or partial hour that an Application Load Balancer is running and the number of Load Balancer Capacity Units (LCU) used per hour.

Network Load Balancer
You are charged for each hour or partial hour that a Network Load Balancer is running and the number of Load Balancer Capacity Units (LCU) used by Network Load Balancer per hour.

Classic Load Balancer
You are charged for each hour or partial hour that a Classic Load Balancer is running and for each GB of data transferred through your load balancer.

Explanation

Application Load Balancer
You are charged for each hour or partial hour that an Application Load Balancer is running and the number of Load Balancer Capacity Units (LCU) used per hour.

Classic Load Balancer
You are charged for each hour or partial hour that a Classic Load Balancer is running and for each GB of data transferred through your load balancer.

64 / 65

Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations.

Active-passive failover

Active-active failover.

None. Route 53 can’t failover.

Explanation

You can set up a variety of failover configurations using Amazon Route 53 alias: weighted, latency, geolocation routing, and failover resource record sets. Active-active failover: Use this failover configuration when you want all of your resources to be available the majority of the time. When a resource becomes unavailable, Amazon Route 53 can detect that it’s unhealthy and stop including it when responding to queries. Active-passive failover: Use this failover configuration when you want a primary group of resources to be available the majority of the time and you want a secondary group of resources to be on standby in case all of the primary resources become unavailable. When responding to queries, Amazon Route 53 includes only the healthy primary resources. If allof the primary resources are unhealthy, Amazon Route 53 begins to include only the healthy secondary resources in response to DNS queries. Active-active-passive and other mixed configurations: You can combine alias and non-alias resource record sets to produce a variety of Amazon Route 53 behaviors.

Explanation

65 / 65

You have successfully created your first WordPress blog that is hosted on an Amazon EC2 instance. You’ve noticed that when the public DNS address for your instance changes, it breaks your installation. What could you do to prevent this? (Choose 3 answers)

If you have a domain name, update the DNS record for the domain name to point to your Elastic IP address

If you don’t have a domain name, create one using Amazon Route 53 and associate your instance’s Elastic IP address with the new domain name.

Allocate an EC2 instance

Allocate an Elastic IP address for your Amazon instance

Explanation

To prevent the public DNS address for your instance from changing and breaking your installation, you can associate an Elastic IP address (EIP) to the instance you are using. You need to allocate an Elastic IP address for that instance (the first association is free). If you own a domain name and you want to use it for your blog, you can update the DNS record for the domain name to point to your EIP address. If you don’t already have a domain name for your blog, you can register a domain name with Amazon Route 53 and associate your instance’s EIP address with your domain name.

Explanation

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